A way to explore the causes and effects of an issue
Use this template to map causes and effects of a central issue in order to better understand the chain of connected circumstances that led to the current situation. The problem tree analysis provides a structured way for a team to reveal concerns, discern causes from symptoms, and potentially frame problem statements in a new, better way.
A problem tree analysis — also called a situational analysis — provides a structured way for a team to reveal concerns, discern causes from symptoms, and potentially frame problem statements in a new, better way. Commonly used for understanding the problem in design thinking, problem trees are used for finding solutions by outlining the root causes and effects of a problem.
The problem tree analysis template helps with:
Understanding complex problems
Identifying cause and effect relationships
Aligning with other stakeholders
Providing a direction for problem solving and decision-making
How to use the problem tree analysis template
Step 1: Identify a problem statement
Start off this exercise by brainstorming over what the overarching problem the team is facing.
Step 2: Assemble your stakeholders
Depending on the problem statement, your stakeholders might be your immediate team, end users of a service or product, customers with buying power, or somebody else entirely.
Step 3: Document the causes of the problem
What are the root causes of the problem? Start by discussing each cause, one-by-one, adding them below the line in the roots section as you go.
Step 4: Cluster the outputs together
When similar causes are mentioned, cluster them together and label the clusters with a theme. Altogether, documenting and clustering the causes should take about 20 minutes.
Step 5: Repeat the process for branching effects
Repeat the process you just completed with the causes, just with effects. What are the effects and consequences of the problem? Document the effects, cluster them together, and label them with a theme.
Step 6: Prioritize and establish next steps
Discuss and prioritize which causes and effects to focus on, then create a plan of action to address the root cause.
Tips for running a problem tree analysis exercise
While the problem tree method mostly focuses on direct causes and effects, what are some indirect causes the team can come up with?
Some effects the team ideates will be routine, and some may be rare. Try adding tags to the sticky notes to indicate what type they are.
Try holding a vote to help decide which root causes get prioritized.
Create better problem tree diagrams with the features you need
Sticky notes & text
Add ideas, action items, and more as a sticky note or text box — then change the colors and cluster to identify patterns and new solutions.
Mapping and diagramming
Build quick and easy visualizations of flows, maps, processes, hierarchies, journeys, and more.
Icons, GIFs, & images
Express complex ideas visually or lead an engaging team-building activity with Noun Project, GIPHY, and Unsplash integrations.
Anonymous voting
Gain consensus and reach alignment quickly, either in real time or asynchronously.
Asynchronous collaboration
Innovate and collaborate effectively together without booking time on calendars.
Real-time collaboration
Add more productivity and engagement to meetings and calls with features to guide collaboration.
What is a problem tree analysis?
How do you make a problem tree?
How are problem trees used in design thinking?
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